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What defines a segment in the Node Sync process?

  1. It is a full repair of data across all nodes

  2. It repairs chunks smaller than 200MB

  3. It represents the amount of data stored in the memtable

  4. It is the total amount of disk usage by SSTables

The correct answer is: It repairs chunks smaller than 200MB

A segment in the Node Sync process is defined as a repair of chunks smaller than 200MB. This definition is significant because it helps ensure that the synchronization process between nodes in a distributed Cassandra database remains efficient. By breaking down the data into manageable segments, the system can more effectively identify discrepancies and coordinate repairs, thus minimizing the impact on performance and reducing the resource demands during synchronization. This approach allows nodes to focus on smaller segments of data rather than attempting to reconcile larger volumes all at once, which can lead to increased latencies and potential downtime. It also reflects Cassandra's design philosophy of handling large volumes of data in a scalable manner, making it suitable for real-time applications. Focusing on segments of this size helps to balance the operational overhead and the repair efficiency, ensuring that the data remains consistent and up to date across the distributed architecture of Cassandra.